Stay Agile , Stay Relevant

Let’s get started the standard way and answer - What is Agile ? One of the literal meaning of being agile is the ability to move quick and easy , yes it’s that simple and important and it aptly fits into scheme of things when we related it with software development.

World is changing and changing fast, way out ? "Stay Agile Stay Relevant ".

Agile Manifesto created in 2001 defined four core values :

• Individuals and interactions over processes and tools,
• Working software over comprehensive documentation
• Customer collaboration over contract negotiation
• Responding to change over following a plan.

Putting it in different perspective , it’s about Collaboration , Empowered teams , Accountability , Transparency , Inspect and adapt , Prioritization . I strongly believe if we aim for and achieve these we can claim to be agile in true sense and yes organization success  will be sure shoot byproduct .

Now on the how part ,there are multiple methodologies inspired by agile values which can be your navigator - Scrum (Probably the most popular one ) , Kanban , Scrum ban ,Lean , XP ..etc . Some of us might be thinking , ok... all this is fine , but can agile really make sense to big multination organizations  having their  cross functional teams spread across continents ? valid question , but the good part is there exist answer and ways to fix that - SAFe (Scaled Agile Framework ), Oracle PLM(Product Lifecycle management )  for instance are couple of them among multiple others ,over the years  many organizations have successfully crafted and implemented their in-house scaled methodologies based on agile principles and learnings .

Let’s remember one of the key principle of agile , i.e inspect and adapt , so go and figure out what suits best for your team or organization .

To summarize : Inspect and Adapt - GO AGILE

Collaboration vs Specification

Just in case you are wondering why should they really compete out there , No that’s not the idea , off course they do complement each other in some sense .
Most of us use and practice them so often that I just thought of putting across my thoughts around them .What I intend to highlight is that collaboration should be given more importance over specification more often than not ,gaps if any due to this prioritization will be effectively addressed implicitly.

 Sometimes few of us are so passionate about specifications that’s we don’t restrict specification limits well and keep elaborating them , it mostly does harm than benefiting anyone. Elaborating specification beyond desired level kills time ,decreases flexibility and reduces our  empirical capacity .On other hand linear progress with collaboration leads to exponential benefit towards motivation and engagement  leading to organizational value creation .

 Collaboration is multidimensional , we shouldn’t restricted it to our peers or immediate team ,let’s take it further to other teams within organization , management and off course customers . Many a times we usually hesitate to collaborate with customers(internal and external ) but with a good mix of collaboration and negotiation (forward looking ) we can get expected outcomes addressing mutual needs and creating win-win situations. Collaboration between stakeholders and development teams helps bridging gaps between expectations and delivery. Collaboration leads to commitment , it creates environment for collective ownership of ideas ,objectives and results .

Courage and respect are important step towards collaboration and i see it hard we reaching out there without exercising them . Making effective use of communication via open dialogue and looking at the bigger picture will smoothen our collaborative journey .

“ Collaboration pays better than individual excellence....Let's exercise it ” 

Agile SW Development - Spotify way

For people who haven't heard about Spotify, Spotify is popular music streaming company based out of Stockholm Sweden. Spotify was founded in year 2006 and its closest competitor is Apple Music. Spotify had 180 million active users as on June 2018 and it provides 40+ million songs to its users and their services are available across 65 countries/markets.
Moving ahead, the reason for sharing their Agile journey/story is for the fact that it indeed reflects value creation using Agile principles in positive sense and have worked well so for a continuously scaling organization. Spotify can be seen as a successful Scaled Agile Framework which is and can be possibly applied organization wide and its value is not just limited to small groups or business unit. Spotify is basically a people-driven, autonomous framework for scaled Agile.For the people who are new to Scaled Agile topic, its good to list down some of popular Scaled Agile frameworks , SAFe (Scaled Agile Framework ) , DaD(Disciplined Agile Delivery ), LeSS (Large Scale Scrum ) are widely accepted and deployed Scaled Agile frameworks.
Let’s take a step further and understand the details of how stuff works at Spotify. Squads ,Tribes, Chapters, and Guilds are the key drivers to run the Scaled Agile Machinery at Spotify.

Squad is the core foundation of the Agile framework at Spotify and is very similar to a Scrum team. The Squad like Scrum or Agile teams is self-organizing,it defines and decides the preferred execution model from Scrum to Kanban to any hybrid model. The Squad is single-product, single-project focused. A Squad can be related to a mini start-up and it essentially means it can operate reasonably autonomously. As a team it has all the knowledge and tools to design, build, test and put into production a product.
Since its self-organizing it therefore does not have a formally appointed Squad Leader or a Scrum Master but to prioritize the work to be done, each Squad has a Product Owner. In line with Scrum, the Product Owner maintains the Team Backlog. Agile coach works with team to accelerate agile transformation.This essentially means enough emphasis is given to the Agile coach role and value it brings.
Tribe is group of Squads that is working in a common area. The Tribe is co-located with the Squad and is typically limited to ~100 people.
The Chapters are part of a Squad and are a group of team members working together. The Chapter Leader, can be related with the Engineering manager and is responsible for personnel aspects such as hiring, compensation, career development, and guidance. In addition to these tasks, the Chapter Leader also acts as a specialist in a Squad.
Guild is a group of people with shared interests. Guilds are typically not tied to the boundaries of a Tribe, but rather walk right through the organization. Every Guild has its Coordinator who facilitates Guild meetings and to motivates the participants. The Guild Coordinator has, in contrast to the Chapter Leader, no hierarchical powers.
On the face of it the concept of Squad, Chapter and Tribes looks like a typical matrix organization but the principle differentiator are the driving values and the inherent autonomy in the Spotify model.
Moving on, one might think this all is fine but what but what makes things work ??? for that it’s important to look into some of the core values practiced @Spotify:

• Agile mindset over Scrum or a specific methodology
• Agile Coach over Scrum Master
• Cross-Pollination across organization over Standardization prescribed to teams
• Fast Failure Recovery over Failure avoidance
• Impact over Velocity
• Trust over Control
• Innovation over Predictability ( 100% Predictability means 0% Innovation)
• Value creation over Plan fulfillment

As closing remarks, just to be fair and pragmatic, there are no magical ways which can be applied as standard prescription for one and all. The model and organization under discussion will for sure have its own set of challenges and they might still be continually evolving and things might shape up differently when they scale further and dynamics change dramatically .Every organization have its own culture build slowly and firmly out of exhaustive factors like organization evolution, size, locations, product or business complexity to name a few, choose or tailor what works best for your team/organization .
Idea here was to share an Agile success story, in case it ignites you to deep dive and seek possible synergies or learning, you can find enough content available over web to explore further on the topic or please write down and we can collaborate.

Mobile Industry trend and Smart phones

I just wonder sometimes what will the mobile industry look like in coming few years and this made me come up with the idea of writing this article.
We all know Mobile industry is a very volatile market, we have been witnessing the rise and fall of many mobile handsets and chipset manufactures.

If you see on the right hand side ,we see an intresting trend ,from year 2006-2009 there growth curve of regular mobile handset is almost flat while the smartphone sales rise is quite steep.


Nokia are world leaders in Mobile since 1998 but as we all know they are also constantly losing their share in past few years and how can be forget Motorola which had a market share of around 16 % in year 2003 has almost lost the ground, but thanks to Motorola Android based Milestone they are desperately trying for comeback .On the other sides are the LGs and Samsung who are constantly eating the market share of other players,Samsung from around 12% in 2003 has grown up to >20% market share in recent days .On the smart phone front ,Nokia with Symbain was the clear leader few years back but again in this segment Symbain is losing ground to the RIMs ,iphone and new kid in the block ,Android .Android is a very short span has already reached the double figures .

Before getting into smart phone details I want to share something here.
We all keep hearing terms like Entry level phone, Feature phones and Smart phones, this might strike a question, what’s really the difference between feature phone and smart phone?
But before answering this question let me tell you smart phones evolution start way back in 1992 when IBM launched Simon which was more like n PDA with Modem functionality. But things have changed drastically in current scenario.
Ok, let’s try to answer this question.
Smartphone's operating system (OS), allowing users to run third-party applications.
They have ability to access the Web and download apps, a large storage capacity and a qwerty keyboard.
Feature phones are more of feature focused with a special capability or purpose in mind like Music or imaging. Smart phones include a broader range of features without heavily focusing on a specific purpose
To summarize Smartphone is a phone that has its own operating system and can run third-party applications. Classical Examples like blackberry, Apple, iPhone.

Counterview to what we just said is :
Feature Phones are not as expandable as Smart phones, but the line is blurring. Almost every Feature Phone sold today ships with Java Micro Edition (J2ME™), which is much like an operating system in that it allows users to download third-party applications to their phones.


As I mentioned earlier game is changing in the mobile industry and specifically the Smart phone.
The mobile wireless industry is historically dominated by the powerful network operators and mobile manufacturers design. But in present days its multiple functionalities, more features, the demand for near web- user experience on mobile devices and that’s why we see the sales figure of iphone ,android based phones are booming .
And there is also a trend ongoing where chipset makers or mobile manufactures are moving towards Smartphone platforms and Application processors to support them .TI has washed hand with its Modem business and concentrating on Application processors with OMAP(X) and who can forget NOKIA which is showing strong strategy shift in moving towards mobile services and concentrating on smart phone platforms .
Nokia is focusing a lot on OVI store, they have Maemo platform and recently they have joined hand with intel to form MeeGo , which is again an open source smartphone platform based on UNIX .There is also Qt framework started by NOKIA which is an application development framework and its claimed by NOKIA that Applications created by Qt can be ported on different operating systems as well as platforms.

Now let’s see how the smart phone industry is doing these days and let me share with you the key differentiators between these platforms.

The above comparison highlights certain things, for instance , Linux is the future ,it’s going to Linux all around .Another things quite evident is usage of open source code as part of these platforms .This comparison might not be highlighting all of them, but to name a few most of the platforms are using Webkit as the search engine ,SQLite for database etc ..etc .Another point to notice is the demand and usage of Java as the preferred programming language .

Let us also give a look to how are the smart phone sales moving further .This will showcase the point I was making earlier that how Symbain is losing ground and how Android is cementing its place in the future of mobiles .

With this I would like to conclude on this topic, let’s be game for the changing mobile industry, where ever it goes I am quite sure mobiles have a long and bright future and it’s going to be smart phones all around.

Are Europeans Superstitious too ?

Indians are superstitious ...you might believe this and might have got to heard this from your European or American friends as well .Even I do agree that yes some people in India are still superstitious ,but I had an opinion that its more to do with the poor and illiterate people .

But let me tell you superstition is an global phenomena , be it in other parts of Asia ,Africa ,America or Europe .Everyone have their set of superstitions .
I personally has an view that Europeans might not be in the grabs of so called superstitions but I was proved wrong .I will share some of the instances which I witnessed myself.

Let me share some recent instances. I got an chance to travel to Monteux ,Switzerland some weeks back and got an chance to interact with lots of European colleges from my company as part of some business completion .
And to my shock the first evening itself on the dinner table I witness lots of it, to start with I was been told “You are lucky and will meet someone special if wine bottle finishes while filling up your glass ” that was just the start .We started with plain wine and it was followed by Swiss dish named Fondue(pieces of Bread with hot and melted cheese ) and in just another 20-30 minutes came the another one ,when I was not able to hold the bread dipped in cheese with the fork and the bread fell in hot and yummy cheese and I was warned by an English friend that’s not good as it brings bad luck .I was shocked on hearing this but I used this as an opportunity to have more cheese along with the bread.That evening I had series of such bad luck as I repeated this 4-5 times ,but to be frank it was not intentional.

Been in Monteux I got an chance to visit a castle over there named castle of chillon and the guide over there shared some interesting superstitions from Medieval Europe. For instance she showed us an grand bed from that age but it was quite short in size and this made me curious, so I asked her why is it so ? and the answer was the users of it used to be afraid that sleeping with legs well spread doest leave any difference between live and dead and that left me wondering how people with power and money were not even able to have sound sleeps, I really felt petty for them.

There were few more such instances been reported by her just to break my belief that European are not superstitious. It also made me think that superstition is not just restricted to poor, uneducated people or certain part of world and its root are too strong to be uprooted easily. It also makes me think, opinions made are usually not true.

Weekend Trip to Pondicherry(Bangalore to Pondicherry)

It was 4 day off and thus ideal time for a short weekend trip .After lots of brainstorming and we finally zeroed on Pondicherry, although the first choice was Goa .Considering Goa is 600+ Km from Bangalore and I have two small kids Goa was dropped and Pondicherry came into picture as idea was visit beaches this time as the last 4-5 trips of mine were all hill stations.
We started at 5.30 AM from my house a delay of 30 min from the plan but still it was good enough .I took my Alto and started the trip with Lets Go…..the Alto punch line .Just like my usual experiences I just hardly took 2-3 hrs sleep at night .
At around 7:00 AM I was @Kirishnagiri on NH7 some 100 KMs from start point in Bangalore .The road to krishnagiri were excellent and ride was fun with car zooming up to 120KM/hr at times. before starting a did decent amount of survey about the route to pondy and as explained by some gentleman about the confusing turn to NH46 and the NH66 and did the same mistake and messed up by getting inside Krishnagiri town. Although it was not such a blunder but it cost me 15-20 Min and 2-3 extra miles .
On NH66 I was expecting lots of potholes and bad roads in all ,but the reality was far sweeter ,with road decent enough and almost no other vehicles on road .I made a good use of pleasant morning whether and took my first tea break at around 9 AM. Started at 9:20 and then took a break at a petrol pump near Gingee at around 10 to fill up petrol ,there are remains of Gingee fort visible from this petrol pump which we came to know once we proceeded further and just thought of giving a look .It was a good place to visit ,I planned to reach the top of fort but dropped the idea before midway considering the time as I didn’t wanted to be late to reach pondy and waste the first day .
So was back on road with my car raring to go it was around 11 AM by this time and we were feeling the heat (Welcome to TamilNadu)…..we then moved towards pondy and on the way came Tindivalam and a gentlemen driving fabia .This gentlemen was pretty annoyed with the fact that Alto overtaking fabia and it hurt his ego which in turn forced him to matchup my speed and at times zoomed ahead of my car ,it was fun .This all continued till pondy and we both disappeared from each other vision .
It was sharp 12:40 and I was at hotel (SURGURU )lobby .I had done a booking for two days at this hotel for deluxe room but on arrival we all were so tired that I finally settled for Suite room which has bathtub .I used it to get rid of the dust collected on my body from all parts of Karnataka and TN and I was ready for pondy .Did the lunch at around 2 ,food at the hotel restaurant was pretty good.

We started towards rocky beach at White town around 5 Pm ,it was just 1 KM from the hotel and our honeymoon with pondy started .This part of city is excellent its called White town (French Colony) .Roads, crowd, traffic police all were excellent .One good thing I observed throughout the journey was people were really supportive in showing the way ,which is not at all the case in north India :).
This stretch of road along the beach is pretty good and quite lively which I came to know the next night when I was there at around 1 in night and still could find number of people roaming around some enjoying coffee at La Café (Café house on beach ) and other set of people sipping beer watching the high & vocal tides .
Just at the end of this road there was Park Guest house (managed by Sri Arvindo Ashram ) and I just thought of checking room availability over there and to my surprise it was available but there was an condition that I have to checkin right at that time which I was unwilling to do considering I have already paid for the night at Hotel Surguru,but the manager over there asked me to come and check in the morning .

We were back to hotel around 8 PM and then I planned to took a bike on rent for 1 day to roam around in pondy .The rental were Rs .200-350 , we took an active so that my wife can also drive it otherwise plan was Bullet .We then headed towards Hotel athithi and enjoyed the buffet dinner just for Rs. 250 each ,it was excellent .We also visited some temple in proximity of hotel .

While sleeping I planned for a early wakeup to checkout sunrise but was not successful ,so we started the day by visiting Sri Arvindo Ashram around 9 Am .It opens at 8 :30 Am .It was quite peacefull and some people doing meditation around the Samadhi of Sri Aravindo and mataji.
The ashram also houses a library from were my wife got three books and she was really impressed with the fact that everything managed by Ashram by pretty good and it was not money oriented which is the case in many such places .We spent some 20-30 Min over there .
Kids below 3 are not allowed in the ashram .When I stared in the morning at that time I checked out from hotel to shift to Park Guest House ,but it was really disgusting to know that it was full . I then searched for some other hotel and finally settled for Ajantha Beach guest house ,its on the beach road and has decent rooms with sea view .
Now since the hotel was finalized it was time to move on and I took the road to Aurovillle(For MatriMandir ,Auro beach).Went on and visited the Matrimandir .One has to walk for more than a KM to see the MatriMandir ….dont expect any temple over there as the name suggests. Now time was for Auro beach and finally I went on to see some beach on the ECR road next to surya beach resort ,still not very sure if it was Auro beach or some other beach but I will give a definite miss to it in future but I still tried hard to enjoy over there and took couple of dips inside and it was time to move back to hotel as it was 1 PM .Our condition at time we reached hotel was so bad (wet and sand all over the body ) that I thought they might stop us at gate but to our luck and hospitality industry we went inside freely :).Enjoyed the lunch at sea side restaurant along with bottle of beer ,all the money paid was for the view food was just average .
Evening was for visit to a garden nearby followed by Ganesh temple and the some shopping at JawarLal Neheru street. Then started the struggle for dinner and I landed up spending 1000 bucks and still was not satisfied with what I got in return ,it’s a long story :).It was 12 in night ,time to go to bed but I preferred to have a walk along the beach side with my wife and we did that with couple of coffee and ice creams.
Moring I waked up at 5:30 to try and catch a glimpse of dawn and take some pics of sun at sea side but was unable to do the same .we then started for our final destination in pondy the chunnambar back waters .Booked boat to paradise beach and was really disappointed with the steamer that took us to beach but I forgot all that once a reached the beach it was awesome and I was really excited and started taking some pics at the beach and it was Murphy Law with my battery saying goodbye even without taking a single picture .I then started hunting for battery from people around and succeeded in borrowing it for 3-4 clicks .It was all fun over there .

I then started back for Bangalore at 1 PM and was at home at 8:30 PM. :) Overall a fabulous trip and some lows and lots of high .Roads were excellent ,pondy exciting .

AT Commands (For GSP/GPRS Modems,Phones)

AT (ATtention ) Commands is the set of instructions for controlling Modems. "AT" as the prefix informs the modem about the start of a command line. It is not part of the AT command name. For example, D is the actual AT command name in ATD.This means every command line must begin with the letters AT, (except the commands A/ and +++).
To execute the command line, press the or key on your keyboard.
AT Commands are case insensitive ie ATD and atd are treated similarly .
Commands can be categorized into different types as :
Basic(commands that do not start with "+". For example, ATD,ATA etc)
Extended(Commands that start with "+". All GSM AT commands are extended commands. For example, +CMGS ,+CMGR etc )
Proprietary(Commands that start with "*".These commands are manufacturer specific)

Note that mobile phone manufacturers usually do not implement all AT commands, command parameters and parameter values in their mobile phones. Also, the behavior of the implemented AT commands may be different from that defined in the standard.
In addition, some AT commands require the support of mobile network operators. For example, SMS over GPRS can be enabled on some GPRS mobile phones with the +CGSMS command , But if the mobile network operator does not support the transmission of SMS over GPRS, you cannot use this feature.

Here are some terms and concepts on AT Commands:
The Command Line
A Command line provides an way to issue a number of commands at a time rather than issuing and waiting for the modem to react to each command separately. Macro Commands is Command line that contains several AT commands.
Repeating a Command Line
A/ is the command to repeat the last command line entered. In this case you do not need to type AT first, nor do you press at the end of the command line. This command comes is usefull in cases when you need to redial a number that got a busy signal.

Single Channel mode
In single channel mode, AT commands are sent and executed sequentially over the communication link. Only one medium is connected to the TA, no parallel execution of AT commands is possible.

Multi Channel mode
In multiple channel mode, several connections can be established at the same time either with 07.10 protocol activated on top of the serial link (multiplexed mode) or with several mediums connected. Each connection can be seen as an instance of the AT interface; hence commands can be executed in parallel on each connection.
Multiplexed Mode (07.10 Protocol )
This mode runs on top of the serial link and according to 07.10 protocol (MUX mode), several connections (virtual channels) can be established in parallel over a SINGLE serial link.
07.10 protocol is supported only over UART (DSL).

Switching From Data to Voice
To switch from a data mode to a voice mode issue the Escape sequence command (+++)

Resuming the Data Connection
When you are in the Command State and want to resume the data connection, type the following command:
ATO

Communication Channel Profiles
Normally the GSM/GPRS modems stores three different profiles in Non Volatile Memory i.e DEFAULT ,Profile 0,Profile 1.
And usually all the connection channels are created with its profile initialized to default profile.

AT&F
With this command the profile is returned back to default profile .
AT&W
With this command the current profile can be stored to Profile 0 or 1 based on AT&W0 or AT&W1
AT&V
This command can be used to view the Stored and Active Profile(s)

Some of the tasks that can be done using AT commands with a GSM/GPRS modem or mobile phone:
• Establish a data connection or voice connection to a remote modem (ATD, ATA, etc).
• Send (AT+CMGS, AT+CMSS), read (AT+CMGR, AT+CMGL), write (AT+CMGW) or delete (AT+CMGD) SMS messages and obtain notifications of newly received SMS messages (AT+CNMI).
• Read (AT+CPBR), write (AT+CPBW) or search (AT+CPBF) phonebook entries.
• Get basic information about the mobile phone or GSM/GPRS modem. For example, name of manufacturer (AT+CGMI), model number (AT+CGMM), IMEI number (International Mobile Equipment Identity) (AT+CGSN) and software version (AT+CGMR).
• Get basic information about the subscriber. For example, MSISDN (AT+CNUM) and IMSI number (International Mobile Subscriber Identity) (AT+CIMI).
• Get the current status of the mobile phone or GSM/GPRS modem. For example mobile network registration status (AT+CREG), radio signal strength (AT+CSQ), battery charge level and battery charging status (AT+CBC).

List of important AT Commands
PRODUCT SUPPORT

Command Description
ATS3 Command line termination character
ATS4 Response formatting character
ATS5 Command line editing character
ATE Command echo
ATQ Result code suppression
ATV Data Circuit Terminating Equipment (DCE) response format
ATX Result code selection and call progress monitoring control
AT&C Circuit 109 (received line signal detector) behaviour
AT&D Circuit 108 (data terminal ready) behaviour
AT+IFC Data Terminal Equipment (DTE)-DCE local flow control
AT+IPR Fixed DTE rate
AT+ILRR DTE-DCE local port rate reporting
AT+ICF DTE-DCE character framing

GENERIC COMMANDS

Command Description
ATZ Reset to default configuration
AT&F Set to factory-defined configuration
ATI Request identification information
AT+GMI Request terminal adapter (TA) manufacturer identification
AT+GMM Request TA model identification
AT+GMR Request TA revision identification
AT+GSN Request TA serial number identification
AT+GCAP Request complete capabilities list

AT&V View configuration
AT&W Store configuration
AT&Y Select power-up configuration

AT+CGMI Request mobile equipment (ME) manufacturer identification
AT+CGMM Request ME model identification
AT+CGMR Request ME revision identification
AT+CGSN Request ME serial number identification
AT+CSCS Select terminal equipment (TE) character set
AT+WS46 Select wireless network (GSM phones’ response is always 12, and it cannot be changed)
CALL CONTROL COMMANDS

Command Description
ATD Dial
ATA Answer response
ATH Hook control
ATO Return to online data state
ATS0 Automatic answer
ATS6 Pause before blind dialling
ATS7 Connection completion timeout
ATS8 Comma dial modifier time
ATS10 Automatic disconnect delay
ATL Monitor speaker loudness
ATM Monitor speaker mode
AT+DS Data compression
AT+DR Data compression reporting

NETWORK SERVICE COMMANDS (GSM 07.07)

Command Description
AT+CREG Network registration
AT+COPS Operator selection
AT+CLCK Facility lock
AT+CLIP Calling line identification presentation
AT+CLIR Calling line identification restriction
AT+COLP Connected line identification presentation
AT+CCFC Call forwarding number and conditions
AT+CCWA Call waiting
AT+CHLD Call related to supplementary services
AT+CUSD Unstructured supplementary services
AT+CSSN Supplementary service notifications
AT+CLCC List current calls
AT+CPWD Change passwords for the SIM/ME/network features

MOBILE EQUIPMENT CONTROL AND STATUS COMMANDS (GSM 07.07)

Command Description
AT+CPIN Enter Personal Identification Number (PIN)
AT+CSQ Signal quality
AT+CPBS Select phonebook memory storage
AT+CPBR Read phonebook entries
AT+CPBF Find phonebook entries
AT+CPBW Write phonebook entry
AT+CPAS Phone activity status
AT+CIMI Request International Mobile Subscriber Identity (IMSI)

SMS COMMANDS (GSM 07.05)

Command Description
AT+CSMS Select message service
AT+CPMS Preferred message storage
AT+CMGF Message format
AT+CSCA Service centre address
AT+CSMP Set text mode parameters
AT+CSDH Show text mode parameters
AT+CSCB Select cell broadcast message types
AT+CSAS Save settings
AT+CRES Restore settings
AT+CNMI New message indications to TE
AT+CMGL List messages
AT+CMGR Read message
AT+CNMA New message acknowledgement to ME/TA
AT+CMGS Send message
AT+CMSS Send message from storage
AT+CMGW Write message to memory
AT+CMGD Delete message
AT+CMGC Send command
AT+CMMS More messages to send
AT+CGSMS Select service for mobile-originated (MO) short messages

GPRS COMMANDS (GSM 07.07)

Command Description
AT+CGDCONT Define Packet Data Protocol (PDP) context
AT+CGATT GPRS attach or detach
AT+CGACT PDP context activate or deactivate
AT+CGDATA Enter data state
AT+CGREG GPRS network registration status
AT+CGEQREQ 3G quality of service (QoS) profile (requested)
AT+CGEQMIN 3G quality of service profile (minimum acceptable)
AT+CGEQNEG 3G quality of service profile (negotiated)